Several types of law exist. These include Religious law, Positive law, and Natural law. These are all laws that must be followed or else you will not be allowed to do something.
Positive law
Generally, positive law is a set of rules and principles that are common to virtually all legal systems. In the English speaking world, the term has a long history. Its origins are traced to the medieval Latin word positum, which means law or rule. It is typically used to refer to statutes, regulations, and codes. It is an important term in the philosophy of law.
Positive law has several variants, but its basic concept is that law is a social fact. In a nutshell, this means that a law is an official practice or official policy. Positive law is also a term used to refer to a rule or principle that has a moral or ethical meaning. Historically, the word “positum” has also been used to describe common law principles, such as the prohibition against torture.
Natural law
Several people imagine that natural law is written down somewhere. Some imagine that it is revealed by God, and others imagine that it is taught to us. Regardless of how you imagine it, it is true that natural law is based on the human nature of men.
Thomas Aquinas, a 13th century philosopher, formulated a doctrine that human law was an ordinance of reason for the common good. He also warned that individuals should not obey laws that conflicted with natural law.
During the dark ages, the church claimed that natural law was above customary law. It was claimed that customary law was not adequate to resolve disputes.
Thomas Aquinas, who studied under Aristotle, formulated his doctrine in the 1267. He also wrote the Summa Theologiae. His theories helped form the tenets of modern Western democracy.
Religious law
Generally speaking, religious law is the ethical and moral codes taught by a religion. Some examples of religious law include Jewish halakhah, Islamic sharia, Hindu law, and Christian canon law.
In the United States, religious law is a cornerstone of Orthodox Jewish life. The legal system in the Orthodox tradition, which is primarily Jewish, is regulated by a three-tiered hierarchy of courts within the church.
The most common type of dispute is a marriage annulment. However, the legal system is not all about annulments. It also handles disputes involving the dissolution of a marriage, child custody, asset allocation, and the like.
Aside from the actual annulment process, the rabbinical court has long played a part in resolving a variety of matters. Sometimes, the rabbinic court uses a more modern legal system, like civil law, to resolve business disputes.
Competition law
Generally, competition law is a body of legislation that regulates market power and aims to ensure that consumers get a fair market. These laws are used to prevent unfair competition and monopolization. Some of the most important rules include prohibiting anti-competitive practices, such as agreements that limit competition or restrict free trade.
Competition laws also regulate the behavior of companies. They may block mergers or acquisitions that will harm consumers. In addition, they may take action against firms that secretly fix prices or exclude competitors.
Anti-competitive practices are illegal and can lead to higher prices, less innovation, and poorer service. Examples include predatory pricing, tie-ups, and price gouging.
Competition laws also regulate how a firm may engage in an information exchange. These can include information about future prices and quantities. This information exchange can involve companies directly or indirectly through third parties.
Space law
Governed by international law, space law aims to promote international cooperation and ensure the use of space by all. These laws also aim to protect the environment and manage risk.
Space law is primarily based on international treaties and resolutions. However, domestic laws also play a role. For example, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Act (NASA) establishes the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to manage civilian space programs and the U.S. Department of Defense to manage military space activities.
Space law also addresses liability for damages incurred by the Earth, as well as for the safety of astronauts and other space-faring personnel. There are five international treaties that underpin space law.
Conclusion
Space law is a result of the Cold War-era Space Race. The United States and the Soviet Union both took active interest in the development of space policy. These bilateral discussions led to a debate in the United Nations. Eventually, the international community negotiated the first multilateral space treaty in 1967.
